Zweig, Stefan 1881 1942 de 1 3347 Zweig was the son of Moritz Zweig, a wealthy Jewish textile manufacturer, and Ida (Brettauer) Zweig, the daughter of an Italian banking family. He studied philosophy and the history of literature, and in Vienna he was associated with the avant garde Young Vienna movement. Jewish religion did not play a central role in his education. "My mother and father were Jewish only through accident of birth," Zweig said later in an interview. Although his essays were published in the Neue Freie Presse, whose literary editor was the Zionist leader Theodor Herzl, Zweig was not attracted to Herzl's Jewish nationalism. During the First World War he took a pacifist stand together with French writer Romain Rolland, summoning intellectuals from all the world to join them in active pacifism, which actually led to Romain Rolland being awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature. Zweig remained pacifist all his life but also advocated the unification of Europe before the Nazis came, which has had some influence in the making of the EU. Like Rolland, he wrote many biographies but considered the one on Erasmus Rotterdamus his most important one, which he described as a concealed autobiography. Zweig fled Austria in 1934 following Hitler's rise to power. He was famously defended by the composer Richard Strauss who refused to remove Zweig's name (as librettist) from the posters for the premiere, in Dresden, of his opera Die schweigsame Frau (The Silent Woman). This led to Hitler refusing to come to the premiere as planned; the opera was banned after three performances. Zweig then lived in England (in Bath and London), before moving to the United States. In 1941 he went to Brazil, where in 1942 he and his second wife Lotte (née Charlotte Elisabeth Altmann) committed suicide together in Petrópolis using the barbiturate Veronal, despairing at the future of Europe and its culture. "I think it better to conclude in good time and in erect bearing a life in which intellectual labour meant the purest joy and personal freedom the highest good on Earth," he wrote. His autobiography The World of Yesterday is a paean to the European culture he considered lost. Source: Wikipedia Zola, Emile 1840 1902 fr 31 63990 Émile Zola (2 April 1840 – 29 September 1902) was an influential French novelist, the most important example of the literary school of naturalism, and a major figure in the political liberalization of France. Source: Wikipedia Zévaco, Michel 1860 1918 fr 17 18262 Zévaco s’installe à Paris à sa sortie de l’armée, en 1888. Il devient journaliste, puis secrétaire de rédaction à L’Egalité que dirige le socialiste révolutionnaire Jules Roques. Il se présente sans succès aux élections législatives de 1889 pour la Ligue socialiste de Roques: il fait à cette époque connaissance avec Louise Michel et croise également Aristide Bruant et Séverine. Il fera plusieurs séjours à la prison Sainte-Pélagie pour des articles libertaires, en pleine période d’attentats anarchistes. Il est condamné le 6 octobre 1892 par la cour d'assise de la Seine pour avoir déclaré dans une réunion publique à Paris : « Les bourgeois nous tuent par la faim ; volons, tuons, dynamitons, tous les moyens sont bons pour nous débarrasser de cette pourriture » Il abandonne le journalisme politique en 1900, après avoir tenté de défendre Alfred Dreyfus. En même temps, son retour vers le roman feuilleton avec Borgia! en 1900, publié dans le journal de Jean Jaurès La Petite République socialiste est couronné de succès. Zévaco écrit plus de 1 400 feuilletons (dont, à partir de 1903, les 262 de La Fausta, qui met en scène le chevalier de Pardaillan) pour le journal de Jaurès, jusqu’à décembre 1905, époque à laquelle il passe au Matin, dont il devient le feuilletonniste attitré avec Gaston Leroux. Entre 1906 et 1918, Le Matin publie en feuilletons neuf romans de Zévaco. Avant et après sa mort paraissent dix volumes des aventures de Pardaillan père et fils. La guerre se rapprochant de Pierrefonds, la famille Zévaco s’installe un peu plus à l’abri à Eaubonne (Val d’Oise) en 1917. Il meurt en août 1918, sans doute d’un cancer. Source: Wikipedia Zangwill, Israel 1864 1926 en 1 876 Israel Zangwill (January 21, 1864 - August 1, 1926) was an English humourist and writer. Zangwill was born in London on January 21, 1864 in a family of Jewish immigrants from Czarist Russia (Moses Zangwill from what is now Latvia and Ellen Hannah Marks Zangwill from what is now Poland), he dedicated his life to championing the cause of the oppressed. Jewish emancipation, women's suffrage, assimilationism, territorialism and Zionism (understood as a national liberation movement) were all fertile fields for his pen. His brother was also a writer, the novelist Louis Zangwill,[1] and his son was the prominent British psychologist, Oliver Zangwill. Zangwill received his early schooling in Plymouth and Bristol. When he was nine years old Zangwill was enrolled in the Jews' Free School in Spitalfields in east London, a school for Jewish immigrant children. The school offered a strict course of both secular and religious studies while supplying clothing, food, and health care for the scholars; today one of its four houses is named Zangwill in his honour. At this school young Israel excelled and even taught part-time, moving up to become a full-fledged teacher. While teaching, he studied for his degree in 1884 from the University of London, earning a BA with triple honours. In later life, his friends included well known Victorian writers such as Jerome K. Jerome and H. G. Wells. Zagat, Arthur Leo 1895 1948 en 6 5156 Arthur Leo Zagat was an American lawyer and writer of pulp fiction and science fiction. Trained in the law, he gave it up to write professionally. Zagat is noted for his collaborations with fellow lawyer Nat Schachner. Zagat wrote about 500 stories that appeared in a variety of pulp magazines including Thrilling Wonder Stories, Argosy and Astounding. His novel, Seven Out of Time, was published by Fantasy Press in 1949. Zaccone, Pierre 1817 1895 fr 2 1385 Pierre Zaccone, né à Douai le 2 avril 1817 et mort à Morlaix en 1895, est un romancier populaire français. Il eut un château qui porte son nom à LOCQUIREC jolie petite station balnéaire bretonne située à la limite du Finistère et des Côtes d'Armor. Il est l'auteur de romans feuilletons, parmi lesquels plusieurs romans policiers. Il écrivit en collaboration quelques drames, dont l'un est tiré d'un de ses romans, Les Nuits du boulevard, en 1880. Young, Robert Franklin 1915 1986 en 2 1216 Robert Franklin Young, who published under the name Robert F. Young, was an American science fiction writer, who was born in 1915 and died in 1986. Except for the three and a half years he served in the Pacific during World War II, he spent most of his life in New York State. He owned a property on Lake Erie. He remained little known by the public, in the USA as well as abroad. His career spanned more than thirty years, and he wrote fiction until he died. Only near the end of his life did the science fiction community learn he had been a janitor in the Buffalo public school system. Barry N. Malzberg noted: if he was a writer working as a janitor, he likely lived a frustrating life, but if he was a janitor who happened to write, he lived a surprising and triumphant one. His production started in 1953 in Startling Stories, then Playboy, The Saturday Evening Post and Collier's. It mainly consisted of a long list of short stories with a poetic and romantic style that made him compared to Bradbury and Sturgeon. A good deal of these stories have been published in France by Galaxie, Fiction and the science fiction anthologies in the 'Livre de Poche'. His most famous short stories are perhaps "The Dandelion Girl", which influenced the director of the anime series RahXephon, and "Little Dog Gone", which was nominated in 1965 for the Hugo Award for Best Short Story. Source: Wikipedia Yaco, Murray F. en 2 1079 Wylie, Ida Alexa Ross 1885 1959 en 4 2081 Ida Alexa Ross Wylie, better known as I.A.R. Wylie, was one of the most respected authors of her generation. She was an established poet and novelist honored by the journalistic and literary establishments of her time, and known around the world. Her dozen novels sold well enough to earn her a living, but Wylie's non-fiction (including her autobiographical work) was equally well-received, and she was unusual as an author in that she enjoyed both popular and critical success. Born in Melbourne, Australia, in 1885, she was taken by her parents to London in 1888, where her mother died soon after. She was raised by her father, Alexander Coghill Wylie, who utilized his own notions of bringing up children -- she was kept out of school and given large numbers of books to read, and she was taught to rely on her instincts until she was in her teens. She spent three years in finishing school in Belgium, and then studied in England, followed by years of studying in Germany, where she also taught and began writing. She became involved in the women's suffrage movement in England during the early teens, and made her first visit to America, which became her permanent home decades later in 1917. Wylie's wide range of education turned her into a true citizen of the world, and an author and traveler. These elements became a central virtue in her stories, taking place in various locales. Wylie's writing career took off in the teens, and her novel, The Red Mirage, was brought to the screen in 1915 as The Unknown. Four more of her stories were turned into movies over the next five years, but she fully hit her stride in the decade that followed. In 1920, Wylie published her first major novel, Toward Morning, which dealt with life in Germany. One of her later books, To the Vanquished, was an account of the changes that took place in Germany during the Nazi occupation. She also traveled to the Soviet Union and later wrote Furious Young Man, which is the story of a British youth who is frustrated with the shortcomings of his homeland's society and embraces communism. Nine movies based on her work (including a fresh adaptation of The Red Mirage as The Foreign Legion) were filmed during the '20s, and 10 more in the '30s. The most memorable screen adaptation of a Wylie novel, however, was Keeper of the Flame (1942), with Spencer Tracy and Katharine Hepburn. The film is not a comedy, but one of the most sophisticated thrillers ever to come out of Hollywood -- a startling work issued from a major studio in wartime, dealing with the investigation of a deceased, wealthy and supposedly ultra-patriotic man whose unsavory secrets are revealed. The suspense elements in Keeper of the Flame rival the work of Alfred Hitchcock, and it contains political elements that seem almost subversive. It marked the peak of Wylie's influence as an author in Hollywood. Two more movies based on her work would follow in the '50s -- Phone Call From a Stranger (1952) and Torch Song (1953). She receded in prominence through the last years of her life. Wylie was the kind of female public figure that Katharine Hepburn often played onscreen. In 1946, she was one of 11 women in public life cited for her achievements by the Women's National Press Club. She was something of a literary celebrity for more than three decades, and from 1935 onward, she resided in the United States in the area around Princeton, NJ, with the exception of a short stint in Hollywood. Source:Allmovie.com Wylie, Philip Gordon 1902 1971 en 1 1441 Philip Gordon Wylie (May 12, 1902 – October 25, 1971) was a U.S. author. Born in Beverly, Massachusetts, he was the son of Presbyterian minister Edmund Melville Wylie and the former Edna Edwards, a novelist, who died when he was five years old. His family moved to Montclair, New Jersey and he later attended Princeton University during 1920–1923. Some of his papers, writings, and other possessions are in the Department of Rare Books and Special Collections at Princeton University Library. He married Frederica Ballard who was born and raised in Rushford, New York; they are both buried in Rushford. A writer of fiction and nonfiction, his output included hundreds of short stories, articles, serials, syndicated newspaper columns, novels, and works of social criticism. He also wrote screenplays while in Hollywood, was an editor for Farrar & Rinehart, served on the Dade County, Florida Defense Council, was a director of the Lerner Marine Laboratory, and at one time was a special advisor to the chairman of the Joint Committee for Atomic Energy. Most of his major writings contain critical, though often philosophical, views on man and society as a result of his studies and interest in psychology, biology, ethnology, and physics. Over nine movies were made from novels or stories by Wylie. He sold the rights for two others that never got produced. His wide range of interests defies easy classification but his earliest books exercised great influence in twentieth-century science fiction pulp magazines and comicbooks: * Gladiator (1930) partially inspired the comic-book character Superman. * The Savage Gentleman (1932) inspired the pulp-fiction character Doc Savage. * When Worlds Collide (1933), co-written with Edwin Balmer, inspired Alex Raymond's comic strip Flash Gordon, as well as being adapted as a 1951 film by producer George Pal. Writing as he did when we had less potent current technology available to us, he applied engineering principles and the scientific method quite broadly in his work. His novel The Disappearance, written in 1951, is about what happens when everyone wakes up one day and finds that anyone of the opposite sex is missing (all the men have to get along without women, and vice versa). Wylie delves into double standard between men and women that existed prior the woman's movement of the 70's; exploring the nature of the relationship between men and women and the issues of women's rights and homosexuality. Many people at the time considered it as relevant to science fiction as his Experiment in Crime. The novel The Paradise Crater written in 1945 was cause for his house arrest by the federal government, it described a post-WWII 1965 Nazi attempt to rule the world with atomic power. His nonfiction book of essays, Generation of Vipers (1942), was a best-seller during the 1940s and inspired the term "Momism". Some people have accused Generation of Vipers of being misogynistic. The Disappearance shows his thinking on the subject is very complex. (His only child, Karen Wylie Pryor, is the author of a classic book for breastfeeding mothers, Nursing Your Baby, and has commented that her father was far from a misogynist.) His novel of manners Finnley Wren was also highly regarded in its time. He wrote over 100 "Crunch and Des" stories for the Saturday Evening Post, about the adventures of Captain Crunch Adams, master of the charter boat Poseidon, (there was even a brief television series). His "Crunch and Des" stories were an apparent influence on John D. MacDonald's Travis McGee books. An article Wylie wrote in 1951 in The Saturday Evening Post entitled 'Anyone Can Raise Orchids' led to the popularization of this hobby - not just the rich, but every gardener began experimenting with orchids. He also wrote as Leatrice Homesley. In August of 1963, his niece Janice Wylie was murdered, along with her roommate Emily Hoffert, in New York City. The crime, which became known as the "Career Girls Murder Case" was at that time the most expensive criminal investigation in New York's history. Source: Wikipedia Wright, Sewell Peaslee 1897 1970 en 3 1422 Worts, George F. 1892 en 1 384 Woolf, Virginia 1882 1941 en 27 53595 Virginia Woolf (January 25, 1882 – March 28, 1941) was an English novelist and essayist regarded as one of the foremost modernist literary figures of the twentieth century. During the interwar period, Woolf was a significant figure in London literary society and a member of the Bloomsbury Group. Her most famous works include the novels Mrs Dalloway (1925), To the Lighthouse (1927), and Orlando (1928), and the book-length essay A Room of One's Own (1929) with its famous dictum, "a woman must have money and a room of her own if she is to write fiction". Wollheim, Donald Allen 1914 1990 en 1 1831 Donald Allen Wollheim (October 1, 1914 – November 2, 1990) was a science fiction writer, editor, publisher and fan. He published his own works under pseudonyms, including David Grinnell. A member of the Futurians, he was one of the leading influences on the development of science fiction and science fiction fandom in the 20th century United States. Wollheim's first story, "The Man from Ariel," was published in the January 1934 issue of Wonder Stories when Wollheim was nineteen. Wollheim was not paid for the story and when he began to look into the situation, he learned that many other authors had not been paid for their work, publishing his findings in the Bulletin of the Terrestrial Fantascience Guild. Gernsback eventually settled the case with Wollheim and other authors out of court for $75, but when Wollheim submitted another story to Gernsback, under the pseudonym "Millard Verne Gordon," he was again not paid. Source: Wikipedia Wodehouse, P. G. 1881 1975 en 2 7358 Sir Pelham Grenville Wodehouse, KBE (15 October 1881 – 14 February 1975) was a comic writer who enjoyed enormous popular success during a career of more than seventy years and continues to be widely read. Despite the political and social upheavals that occurred during his life, much of which was spent in France and the United States, Wodehouse's main canvas remained that of pre-war English upper-class society, reflecting his birth, education, and youthful writing career. An acknowledged master of English prose, Wodehouse has been admired both by contemporaries such as Hilaire Belloc, Evelyn Waugh and Rudyard Kipling and by modern writers such as Douglas Adams, Salman Rushdie, Zadie Smith and Terry Pratchett. Sean O'Casey famously called him "English literature's performing flea", a description that Wodehouse used as the title of a collection of his letters to a friend, Bill Townend. Best known today for the Jeeves and Blandings Castle novels and short stories, Wodehouse was also a playwright and lyricist who was part author and writer of 15 plays and of 250 lyrics for some 30 musical comedies. He worked with Cole Porter on the musical Anything Goes (1934) and frequently collaborated with Jerome Kern and Guy Bolton. He wrote the lyrics for the hit song "Bill" in Kern's Show Boat (1927), wrote lyrics to Sigmund Romberg's music for the Gershwin - Romberg musical Rosalie (1928), and collaborated with Rudolf Friml on a musical version of The Three Musketeers (1928). Source: Wikipedia Winterbotham, Russel R. 1904 1971 en 2 601 Russell R. Winterbotham (1904-1971) was a writer of western and science fiction genre fiction, and the author of several Big Little Books. He also wrote crime under the pen name J. Harvey Bond. Winter, H.G. en 1 437 Windser, Therese en 1 536 Wilson, Alex en 1 1182 Alex Wilson is a writer and actor in Carrboro, NC. His fiction, comics, and poetry have appeared/will appear in Asimov’s, The Rambler, Shimmer, The Florida Review, Weird Tales, and elsewhere. He runs the online audiobook project Telltale Weekly. Wilson, Richard 1920 1987 en 1 322